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Striped
bass, sunshine bass and white bass provide popular alternative
fisheries for freshwater anglers in Florida. These fishes all
belong to the family Moronidae, the temperate basses. They are also
referred to collectively as Morones, or just simply
“stripers”.
Before we start listing the
top “Striper”
sites for 2006, you may be interested in a little background on
these fishes as they exist in Florida today. The
striped bass is one of the nation’s most popular coastal sport
fishes. Further north along the Atlantic seaboard, these fish spawn
in fresh water, but migrate offshore to mature. Because of Florida’s
warm summer temperatures, however, stripers here behave differently.
In Florida, stripers spawn in freshwater coastal rivers only to a
very limited extent and then stay in fresh water to mature. They
cannot survive our warm ocean temperatures during summer months.
Even in fresh water, they are confined to areas near springs during
summer where they frequently lose weight, even in 72° F water
temperature. Florida’s striped bass are highly dependent on state
hatcheries to maintain fishable populations.
Adult stripers are collected each spring and taken to FWC hatcheries
at Richloam (Sumter County) and Blackwater (Santa Rosa County) or
the federal hatchery at Welaka (Putnam County) to be spawned
artificially. The fish are injected with hormones to induce
ovulation, and the eggs and sperm mixed together by hand. Eggs are
then incubated in special containers called MacDonald jars until
they hatch. Baby fish, called fry, are fed on tiny brine shrimp
until large enough to stock into ponds, where they subsequently eat
wild, microscopic zooplankton.
Striper fingerlings are generally stocked into lakes and streams
when they are 1 to 2 inches long, although some may be trained to
eat artificial food pellets and are grown to 8 to10 inches before
stocking.
In
our hatcheries, hybrid stripers are made by crossing striped bass
with a close relative, the
white bass. These fish were developed to survive warmer
freshwater temperatures and take advantage of abundant shad forage
situations. The “original” hybrid developed in South Carolina is
referred to as a “Palmetto Bass” and has a striped bass female and
male white bass parent. In Florida, we also produce the “Sunshine
Bass”, which was first developed here. It is very similar, but
is produced with white bass female and male striper parents.
Our
hatcheries annually produce about one-million 1 to 2-inch hybrids.
Most hybrids are stocked into Fish Management Areas or other public
lakes that have an abundant food supply of shad. In addition, we
grow-out 15,000-20,000 hybrids to a size of about 8 to 9 inches
before stocking them into intensively managed fisheries. The bigger
ones are released into urban fishing ponds and Florida’s northerly
panhandle impoundments managed by FWC.
Most
serious striped bass anglers use heavy bait-casting or open-faced
spinning tackle. Line sizes range from 12 to 25-pound test and one
of the most popular lures is a yellow or white jig, from 1/8 to 1˝
ounces. Plastic twitchbaits and poppers are top choices for surface
fishing, and spoons are also popular. For big stripers, live baits,
especially shad or small eels are deadly. Sunshine bass anglers use
similar but lighter gear, and artificial lures resembling small shad
are especially productive. Other popular baits for these hybrid
striped bass include live minnows, both live and dead shrimp and
chicken liver, which is fished on the bottom.
The
striped bass
record in Florida is a 42.25 pounder caught in the Apalachicola
River in 1993. Qualifying sizes for stripers in the FWC’s
Big Catch Program are 30 inches or 12 pounds. For sunshine bass,
the record is a 16.31 pound fish caught in Lake Seminole, in 1985,
and “Big Catch” qualifying sizes are 24 inches or 7 pounds.
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Top Spots for
“Stripers”, 2006
The following areas were selected by Florida's freshwater fisheries
biologists as being the most likely to be highly productive for
stripers, striper hybrids and white bass during 2006.
Apalachicola River /
Lake
Seminole
(from
Florida/Georgia state line at Chattahoochee, flows south to city of
Apalachicola)
Species:
Striped bass, sunshine
bass, and white bass
This is where the largest Morones in the
state are found. The state record striped bass (42.25 pounds), sunshine
bass (16.31 pounds), and white bass (4.69 pounds) were all caught in the
Apalachicola River - Lake Seminole system.
Striped bass
fingerlings (200,000 to 500,000) are stocked into Lake Seminole
annually. Sunshine bass stocking was suspended during 2004 and 2005,
but fish are still stocked into reservoirs upstream on the Chattahoochee
and Flint rivers. During high water events, such as in spring 2005,
sunshine bass are discharged from upstream reservoirs into Lake
Seminole. Lake Seminole, a 35,000-acre reservoir located on the
Florida-Georgia border in Gadsden and Jackson Counties, is the headwater
of the Apalachicola River. In Lake Seminole, striped bass and sunshine
bass congregate along the old river channels and the lower lake near the
dam during fall and winter, and migrate up the Chattahoochee and Flint
rivers during the spring. Larger fish move to cool water springs, which
are closed to fishing during the summer.
Fish are
discharged downstream from Lake Seminole through the Jim Woodruff Dam
into the Apalachicola River during high water periods. Striped bass
greater than 20 pounds and sunshine bass weighing from 7 to 10 pounds
are common. Striped bass in the 40 to 60-pound range have also been
caught or collected from the Apalachicola-Chattahoochee-Flint river
system.
Striped bass and
sunshine bass move throughout the Apalachicola river system during the
fall and winter, and can be caught from the dam to the coast. Larger
fish migrate up the river and congregate below the dam during the
spring. Bucktail jigs and crankbaits that resemble shad are popular
lures around bridge pilings and along deep channels and drop-offs. Live
shrimp are very productive in the lower river.
White bass have
been on the decline in recent years, although an exceptional year class
was produced in 2004. These fish exhibited fast growth, and should
provide an excellent fishing in spring 2006. Live crayfish and
freshwater shrimp produce consistently.
Lake Talquin
/
Ochlockonee River (west
of Tallahassee)
Species:
Striped bass and white bass.
Striped bass are stocked annually into Lake Talquin
and many are discharged downstream through the dam during high water.
Striped bass in the 10 to 20-pound range are common, and fish up to 30
pounds are possible. Live shad, spoons and jigs are favorite baits of
local anglers. White bass were introduced here during the 1980’s. While
the white bass population has been impacted by drought conditions during
recent years, a large year class was produced in the Ochlockonee River
during spring 2004. Many of these fish attained 10 inches in length by
the following fall. Historically, 3 to 5-pound white bass have been
common, so this fishery may rebound.
Striped bass can
be found throughout the reservoir during the fall and winter -
particularly along the old river and creek channels. They migrate up the
Ochlockonee River during the spring and congregate in creeks with
coolwater discharge during the summer. Fish discharged to the lower
Ochlockonee River through the Jackson Bluff Dam move throughout the
system during the fall and winter, and migrate upstream, congregating
below the dam during the spring.
St.
Johns River (flows
north over 250 miles from Indian River County, but best fishing
available from Deland north to Jacksonville)
Species:
Striped bass and sunshine bass
Sunshine bass stocking was suspended in 1999, but a
few older fish may still be caught. Striped bass are stocked annually
and fish in the 8 to 12-pound range are common. Stripers over 20 pounds
are rare.
Striped bass
move throughout the system during the fall and winter. Important areas
include the jetties and the bombing ranges in Lake George, the lower
Oklawaha River, Buffalo Bluff, Shands Bridge (I-95) in Green Cove
Springs, and Buckman (I-295) and other bridges in Jacksonville. Larger
fish congregate in creeks with coolwater discharge and in large springs,
such as the Croaker Hole, during the summer. Live shad and shiners,
jigs and shad-imitating crankbaits are productive.
Blackwater / Yellow Rivers
(northeast
of Pensacola)
Species:
Striped bass
Striped bass fingerlings (246,000) were stocked
into the Blackwater and Yellow rivers in 2005. The major fishery is in
the upper Blackwater Bay, in Santa Rosa County, near the mouths of the
rivers during the fall and winter. Similar to other Morone
fisheries in the state, fishing success is sometimes best at night.
Striped bass migrate upstream during the spring. Fish in the 10 to
20-pound range are common and stripers in the 20 to 30-pound range are
now occurring more frequently. The lower stretches of this river
provide some of the best fishing. Live mullet, menhaden and shrimp are
favorite baits, along with shad-imitating lures.
Choctawhatchee River
(northwest of Panama City)
Species:
Striped bass and sunshine bass
Either striped bass or sunshine bass are stocked
annually, with 549,000 stripers stocked in 2005. The main fishery is in
the lower portion of the river, between State Road 20 and Choctawhatchee
Bay in Walton and Washington counties, and occurs during the fall and
winter. Live finger mullet, shad and menhaden are locally favorite
baits. During cold weather, anglers cast shad-imitating lures to surface
feeding schools. When summer arrives, striped bass congregate in and
around tributaries contributing coolwater discharge.
Escambia River (north
of Pensacola)
Species:
Striped bass and sunshine bass
Escambia River and Bay, in Escambia and Santa Rosa
counties, were stocked annually with sunshine bass until 1999. Large
fish in the 10 to 12-pound range are still being caught. Since 2002,
striped bass (200,000 fingerlings in 2002 and 2004), and sunshine bass
(281,000 in 2003 and 244,000 in 2005) have been stocked in alternate
years.
Striped bass and
sunshine bass are found in the lower 10 miles
of the river and
upper bay during the fall and winter. Sunshine bass exhibit a small run
up river during the spring. Striped bass also make a spring run up-river
as the result of stocking efforts. Dawn and dusk are prime times for
striper fishing, and anglers should try to catch a falling tide for best
success. In the lower, tidal section of the river, points of land
extending into the river are very productive. Live mullet and menhaden
are popular baits, along with shad- or mullet-imitating lures. Live
shrimp or twister-tail type jigs are also popular.
St. Mary’s / Nassau Rivers
(north
of Jacksonville)
Species:
Striped bass
Striped bass are the principle sport fish in the
St. Mary’s and Nassau rivers, which are interconnected via the Amelia
and South Amelia rivers (Intra-coastal Waterway). The St. Mary’s –
Nassau system also connects to the St. Johns River through Sister Creek
(Intra-coastal Waterway). Fish are stocked into both rivers, although
migration from the St. Johns River or natural reproduction is the main
source of fish.
Striped bass
tend to over-winter in the lower portions of the system, and move
upstream above U. S. Hwy. 17 during the spring. On the St. Mary’s River,
look for stripers between I-95 and the town of St. Mary’s near the
mouths of the larger tributaries, along the deeper banks, and the I-95
bridge pilings. On the Nassau River, striped bass are most commonly
found from the confluence with Thomas Creek to below U.S. Hwy. 17 in the
vicinity around Pearson Island. In both rivers, striped bass congregate
in or near tributaries with coolwater discharge during the summer.
Check with the
local fish camp where U.S. Hwy 17 crosses the Nassau River for updates
on striper fishing in the river. Trolling along, or casting to steep
banks with Bucktail jigs or shad-imitating lures is productive, and
fishing with live shrimp is also popular.
Eagle Lake
(northwest of Lake
City)
Species:
Sunshine bass
Eagle Lake Fish Management Area is a 200-acre
reclaimed phosphate pit located in Hamilton County. It is heavily
stocked with 50 to 100 sunshine bass per acre annually and 55 per acre
were stocked in 2005. Spring sampling in 2005 revealed that most
sunshines averaged about 15 inches in length. Sunshine bass grow rapidly
because of abundant shad, and reach 6 to 7 pounds in two years. The main
fishery occurs during the fall and winter months. Important habitats in
Eagle Lake include deep cuts and narrow cuts between the fingers, where
sand bars drop off quickly into deep water. Rapidly retrieved
crankbaits fished deep, as well as suspending shad-imitators, are
productive lures.
Edward Medard Lake
(east of Brandon)
Species:
Sunshine bass
Edward Medard Lake is a 700-acre reclaimed
phosphate pit lake located in Hillsborough County. It is heavily stocked
with 100 sunshine bass per acre annually. The majority of fish range
from 1 to 2 pounds, although some fast-growing, two-year old fish up to
6 pounds can be found. The main fishery occurs during fall and winter
months. Drifting open-water with live minnows is productive, as is
fishing on the bottom with dead shrimp and chicken liver. Trolling with
deep-diving crankbaits is often an effective way to locate sunshine bass
schools that often congregate along drop-offs. Fishing reports in late
2005 were very promising, with sunshine bass catches often surpassing
catches of black crappie. An extensive boardwalk fishing pier provides
very productive shoreline access to this locally popular fishery.
Lake Osborne
(West Palm Beach)
Species:
Sunshine bass
Lake Osborne (356 acres) and Lake Ida (159 acres)
are the largest bodies of water in the 'Osborne Chain of Lakes', a
series of inter-connected lakes located in eastern Palm Beach County.
Sunshine bass were first introduced into Lake Osborne in 1974, and are
currently stocked at a rate of 28 fish per acre annually in both lakes.
Three smaller lakes in this chain, Clarke (35 acres), Pine (15 acres)
and Catherine (10acres), are stocked at a rate of 40 fish per acre
annually.
The majority of
sunshines caught are around 1-pound in weight, but a few fish up to 3
pounds are present. An abundant shad forage base promotes rapid growth
and provides a good source of live bait. The main fishery occurs during
winter and spring months. Most sunshine bass are caught with live
minnows and chicken liver fished on the bottom near the 6th Avenue
Bridge and in the deeper holes found throughout the lake. Many are
caught by bank anglers, particularly near canal salinity structures when
waters are flowing rapidly. The stocking of this hybrid in highly
urbanized south Florida has provided a popular and unique fishery for
what is likely the extreme southern limits of its range. |